Italian Surname Meanings and Origins

Italian Surname Meanings and Origins Family names in Italy follow their inception back to the 1400s, when it got important to add a subsequent name to recognize people with a similar given name. Italian family names are frequently simple to perceive on the grounds that most end in a vowel, and a significant number of them have been gotten from clear epithets. In the event that you think your family name may have originated from Italy, at that point following its history may yield significant intimations to your Italian legacy and familial town. Sources of Italian Last Names Italian family names created from four significant sources: Patronymic Surnames - These keep going names depend on a parent’s name (for example Pietro Di Alberto - Peter child of Albert)Occupational Surnames - These family names depend on the person’s occupation or exchange (for example Giovanni Contadino - John the farmer)Descriptive Surnames - Based on an exceptional nature of the individual, these family names regularly created from epithets or pet names (for example Francesco Basso - Francis the short)Geographical Surnames - These family names depend on a person’s habitation, typically a previous home (for example Maria Romano - Mary from Rome) While Italian last names originate from an assortment of sources, once in a while the spelling of a specific family name can help center the pursuit around a particular district of Italy. The normal Italian family names Risso and Russo, for instance, both have a similar significance, yet one is increasingly common in northern Italy, while the other by and large follows its underlying foundations toward the southern piece of the nation. Italian family names finishing off with - o frequently originate from southern Italy, though in northern Italy they can regularly be discovered consummation with a - I. Finding the sources and varieties of your Italian last name can be a significant piece of Italian genealogical research, and divulges an intriguing investigate your family ancestry and Italian legacy. Italian Surname Suffixes and Prefixes Numerous Italian family names are essentially minor departure from a root name, made diverse by the expansion of different prefixes and additions. Particularly normal are endings with vowels encasing twofold consonants (for example - etti, - illo). The Italian inclination for diminutives and pet names is the root behind a large number of the additions, as observed by the huge number of Italian last names finishing off with - ini, - ino, - etti, - etto, - ello, and - illo, all of which mean nearly nothing. Other generally included additions incorporate - one significance large, - accio, which means either huge or awful, and - ucci meaning relative of. Normal prefixes of Italian family names additionally have explicit sources. The prefix di (which means of or from) is regularly joined to an offered name to shape a patronym. di Benedetto, for instance, is what could be compared to Benson (which means child of Ben) and di Giovanni is what could be compared to Johnson (child of John). The prefix di, alongside the comparable prefix da may likewise be related with a position of cause (for example the da Vinci family name alluded to somebody who started from Vinci). The prefixes la and lo (which means the) regularly got from epithets (for example Giovanni la Fabro was John the smith), yet in addition may be discovered appended to family names where it implied of the group of (for example the Greco family may get known as lo Greco.) False name Surnames In certain regions of Italy, a subsequent last name may have been received so as to recognize various parts of a similar family, particularly when the families stayed in a similar town for ages. These pseudonym last names can frequently be found gone before by the word detto, vulgo, or dit. Basic Italian Surnames - Meanings and Origins RossiRussoFerrariEspositoBianchiRomanoColomboRicciMarinoGrecoBrunoGalloContiDe LucaCostaGiordanoManciniRizzoLombardiMoretti

Aggression and violent behaviour Essay Example for Free

Hostility and savage conduct Essay The media of video and PC games is a wonder, which has grown quickly since its first manifestations of straightforward graphical games, to todays 3D rendered universes which players can possess and investigate as they wish. The gaming society which has followed has an essential influence in contemporary society for the young market as well as for some grown-ups, as an entryway to get away from their regular daily existences and communicate inside a gaming domain. This is the new media design a lot of like TV and radio with their presentation into the standard, the need to examine and investigate the suggestions has pulled in researchers, and businesss to investigate this new media, endeavoring to comprehend its consequences for contemporary society. The measure of cash and time spent by buyers on these game stages and programming has pushed them to the front of the diversion commercial center, with a few global organizations competing for advertise predominance inside this growing industry (Calvert 2002). The investigation into rough computer games and post play animosity is one of the key examination focuses for this media source. Played hostility moving into genuine circumstances creates a conviction based frenzy inside society, thus investigates are quick to find any connections with play and genuine animosity or to disperse the feelings of trepidation of the open which have been alarm mongered by the broad communications. Sentimental frenzies, for example, video nasties are like the idea of game frenzies, both are particularly focused on little youngsters for whom society considers to be helpless and defenseless against impressions from the broad communications, and in this papers case their introduction to savage computer games. The way in to the distinction with the idea of game frenzies is the intuitiveness between the player and the game mechanics, the player can choose what occurs inside the game as long as its inside the game limits, for vicious games this incorporates the plenitude of murdering PC created characters, and this is the worry of the guardians and resistances to the realistic games accessible. Ongoing occasions, for example, the acts of mass violence in Columbine, America have prompted expanded amplification on the theme and in this way more examinations are being directed attempting to estimate a connection among play and post play. The principle inquire about inside the gaming setting on brutality and animosity is pointed towards the impacts playing these games has on kids. Jeanne B Funks composing on youngsters and vicious computer games features these worries. She investigates the idea that youngsters are high hazard players, and in the wake of playing the computer games they become desensitized to savagery, and degenerate conduct inside the general public that they have a place. Funk doesnt place a complete fault on the games anyway as she draws on investigation into prior issues inside the Childs character created inside the earth and social encompassing which the youngster has experienced childhood in, expressing that playing these games could prompt the expanded improvement of these issues. Dave Grossman, a US military mentor on the real factors of war has a vastly different viewpoint to the discussion on computer games and animosity. He expresses that the kept playing of the game conditions and prepares the young player into a slaughtering machine, splendidly sharpened to murder immediately without an idea for the results. He builds up the contention of Acquired Violence Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AVIDS), enjoying the confusion to the infection Aids. The malady doesnt slaughter you yet straightforward devastates your resistant framework (Grossman). Contending that the utilization of vicious computer games basic desensitizes players, trains them to slaughter (improvement reaction) with no idea for the repercussions of their activities. These two investigations diagram two distinct thoughts on the contention of computer games and animosity, however neither led direct testing of the speculation of post play hostility. An every now and again refered to paper that presents proof supporting the case that savagery in computer games prompts brutality, in actuality, is: Video Games and Aggressive Thoughts, Feelings, and Behavior in the Laboratory and in Life by Craig A. Anderson, Karen E. Dill. The examination draws up the speculation of General Affective Aggression Model (GAAM). The model remembered both existing exploration for human learning and articulation and examination into media viciousness impacts. The investigation comprised of two separate tests, a genuine test and a research facility put together test with respect to game players to break down a connection between game play and post play conduct. Goldstein debates the benefits of research facility tests on the premise that they are amazed because of the subject not playing the game yet only doing as they are told, so similar emotions, and encounters are diverse to those when the subject is genuinely playing the game in the solace of their own home, with singular intends to accomplish. The discoveries of the Anderson and Dill study bolstered the GAAM model in that post play hostility was apparent. This is one of only a handful scarcely any investigations which have been led with any validity on the subject of game frenzies, yet the point is still all the way open because of the absence of exact research for which strong ends on the connections among play and post play can be drawn. Freedman expresses that the absence of exploratory research is basic in not having the option to draw an unmistakable connection. He expresses that the interest factor, where the subject accepts he needs to respond with a specific goal in mind and the capacity to quantify post play animosity are two components which have so far underlined the exploration in to video games and brutal conduct. These issues could be redressed by the expanded extent of studies, of by the drawing up of another investigation strategy planned explicitly for the assessment of computer games and not one which has been utilized to screen different types of media and post presentation conduct. The current research accessible on the subject of post play animosity is very restricted with scarcely any pieces ready to be viewed as complete and furnishing an all out response to the inquiries replied. The possibility that intensity inside a game is similarly to fault, as savage substance should be investigated as the excitement experienced from winning or losing an opposition, for example, a games reproduction can expand the adrenaline inside the body causing an upheaval of savagery (Fienberg 2002). So also the connection should be tended to that not every person who plays savage games will go out and execute individuals thus the connection between attributes inborn to the individual are to be faulted for progressively extreme fierce acts and the computer games right now are being arranged as substitutes for people activities and more research should be directed regarding the matter. Reference index 1. Anderson, D.A. Dill, K . E. (2000) Video games and forceful musings, sentiments, and conduct in the research facility and in life [online]. Washington: APA Journals. Accessible from http://www. apa. organization/diaries/psp/psp784772. html [Accessed 20/10/03]. 2. Funk, J. B. (2001) Children and vicious computer games: Are there high-chance players? [Online]. Chicago: Playing by the standards gathering. Accessible fromâ http://culturalpolicy.uchicago.edu/

33 Ways to Have a More Bookish Summer

33 Ways to Have a More Bookish Summer A lot of my life over the last year has been focusing on going smaller not downsizing or anything of that nature, but rather, trying to find joy and excitement and novelty in the everyday. Ive been exploring passions I let lay dormant for a long time, picking up books Ive been putting off, eating leftover pizza from those fancy plates that we bought for impressing company. Exploring these things and letting myself scale back has meant that reading has fallen a bit for me down the chain of priorities. Im still reading more than most people do (I try to reality check that two or three books a week is still more than average  even if its  not average for me).  A while back, Brenna wrote a really wonderful piece with 40 tiny tasks  that can help you have a richer reading life. It got me thinking about what sorts of ways you can incorporate bookishness into your summer days and nights, even if youre not necessarily planning to bulk up your reading numbers. Here are 33  fun, creative, easy, and exciting ways to have a more bookish summer. Id love more ideas in the comments, so lay em on me! Grab your sidewalk chalk and write top 5 lists each week. Top 5 books, top five authors, top five literary quotes, top five literary references on television shows, top 5 books you want everyone in your neighborhood to read, top 5 best book covers. Stock up your local Little Free Libraries with books you own but no longer read or pick up a pile of books at a library book sale (perhaps during one of their $5 for a bag days!). Snap photos of poetry or literary references you stumble across in the wild. Collect them on Instagram or Flickr and create a collage at the end of the summer (or create your own Google Map). Youll be surprised where these things pop up. Hitting the beach? Why not build a literary sandcastle? You dont have to go that extravagant, but creating a sand library or sand Hogwarts would be fun. Pick a different theme for each week or month of the summer and read books that fit the theme maybe you read only books with red, white, or blue covers in July or you read only poetry books for a whole week in August. Sign up for your local public librarys summer reading program. If you have kids, sign them up, too. Then make it a priority to go to the library once a week to pick up new books and check in. Write a fan letter to your favorite author. Email it or send it via the old fashioned mail system. Read a book thats wildly outside your normal reading habit. Pick a new genre. Explore. Check out a stack of picture books from the library. Grab yourself a beverage. Lay in the hammock or in your comfy bed in PJs and read them. Admire the art. Pick up a series of books you loved as a kid and reread them. If you have kids, read them together. Visit the literary sites near you either fictional ones or real ones. Its likely  something  rad is not far from you. If youre traveling somewhere this summer, make a special day out of visiting a literary place. Head  to a local park with nothing but your book. Relax in the grass or on a bench and read. Do it everyday. Perfect if you want to get out of the office for lunch. Do a literary libations taste test. Gather up all of the bookish beers you can find, try them all, and rank them from favorite to least favorite. See how that corresponds to your feelings about the literature from which theyre honored. Take afternoon walks with a juicy audiobook or two loaded on your phone or other listening apparatus. Only listen to them when youre walking. Get creative and make silly lists: what kind of ice cream would Walt Whitman enjoy most? If Gregor Samsa were alive today and conscious of human entertainment, what would his favorite television shows be? How many cat puns can you make out of author names or book titles (Margaret Catwood,  A Tyranny of Pet-me-coats, and so on)? Keep a notebook of silly lists. Challenge everyone you know to come up with their five favorite words and why. This makes for a great game when youve got time to kill waiting in lines or driving in cars. Pick an author and read their entire catalog from start to finish. See how their writing progresses as theyve honed their skills. Create something that represents your favorite book, be it fan art, a painting of your favorite quote, a reinterpretation of the books cover, a collage of images that remind you of a book. Do it with actual paint and paper and tape and glue and glitter and old magazines. Make a total utter mess. Buy a new copy of your favorite book. Write a note on the inside of the cover about why the book means so much to you. Leave it somewhere in public with a post-it on top saying its free to take. Let someone else discover the magic in an unexpected place (your grocery stores freezer case? the sidewalk in your citys downtown? on a subway seat?). Hit a local bookstore and purchase 5 magazines or literary journals from the rack. Pick up things youd otherwise not pick up, then dedicate the afternoon to reading them. Drive to a bookstore youve always wanted to go to, even if its 5 or 8 hours away.  Especially  if its 5 or 8 hours away. Attend a literary event. There are festivals everywhere, ranging from big events like Printers Row in Chicago to smaller ones in smaller towns. Go to a bookstore signing or a coffee house reading. For bonus points: attend an event for an author you know nothing about and have never heard of. Then buy their work. Read on your phone. Do it. Download an app or two and read your heart out. Let everyone judge you for being one of those people who only stares at their phone. Make that reading nook youve always wanted to make using just what youve got around the house. Look for those pillows, blankets, posters, pictures, promo items, chairs, what-have-you and pull them together in a corner of your house or in your yard. Get comfy. Create bookish outdoor art. Make  brick book decorations or paint a bookish bird house. Name your plants something literary. Name them something obscure from mythology or fairy tales. Give those suckers appropriate name tags. Pick up a collection of books on a topic youve always wanted to learn about. Become a self-taught expert. Learn how to bake a perfect pie or install hardwood floors or edit film with nothing but the help of a set of books on the topic. Choose a collection of essays or poetry and commit to reading one each morning when you wake up with your breakfast or one each night when you crawl into bed. Curate a Pinterest board or Tumblr with your favorite bookish art from around the web credited to the artists, of course! Spend a rainy day doing nothing but looking at fun bookish art and saving/sharing it. Track down a special edition of a well-loved book in a used book store. If you can afford it, buy it. You wont regret it. Go to rummage sales and do nothing but scope out the books. Make up your own mental stories about the owners, what those books say about them, what books they might still be holding on to. Find a way to fill the shelves of a child in need. Ask around. Someone will know a family or an organization who has nothing and would love a collection of books. Buy a coloring book and coloring utensils. Take that coloring book to the beach, to the park, anywhere, and just let yourself enjoy coloring. Have kids? Family coloring parties while camping or even in your backyard would make for an A+ summer day or evening.

The Effect Of Practical Work On Students Performance

EFFECT OF PRACTICAL WORK ON STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE IN PHYSICS AT SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL IN MURANG’A EAST SUB-COUNTY, KENYA. MUCHAI AUGUSTINE NG’ETHE REG. No. E83/20087/2012 A RESEARCH THESIS SUBMITTED IN FULFILLMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY OF KENYATTA UNIVERSITY JANUARY 2014 DECLARATION I declare that this research thesis is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other university/ institution for consideration. This research thesis has been completed by referenced sources duly acknowledged. Where text, data (including spoken word) graphics, pictures or tables have been borrowed from other sources including the internet, these are specifically accredited and references cited in accordance in line with anti-plagiarism regulations. AUGUSTINE NGETHE MUCHAI REG. No. E83/20087/2012 Signature............................................. Date..................................................... This research thesis has been submitted for appraisal with our approval as University Supervisors PROF. NICHOLAS TWOLI Senior Lecturer Department of Education Communication and Technology Signature................................................... Date.......................................... DR. DAVID KHATETE Lecturer Department of Education Communication and Technology Signature ...................................................Show MoreRelatedStandardized Testing Is Negatively Affecting The Quality Of Education Essay1467 Words   |  6 Pagesstandardized tests will probably continue long after the twenty-first century (29). How can people see the ‘love’ in this use of testing that has negative long-term effects on students? Why should the controversies live on beyond this modern century? 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The research is the first critical step, the success ofRead MoreElectronic Principles At Uxbridge College1487 Words   |  6 Pageswas a part of assignment 2 for students pursuing Unit 39- Electronic Principles at Uxbridge College (UK) which was handed on 24th January 2014 and expected to submit back before 14th February 2014. 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The Independent variable is theRead MoreA Research Proposal For Otago Polytechnic Essay1077 Words   |  5 Pagesinternational campus that is only for international students. This campus mainly offers career based courses which are Business, hospitality and NZ diplomas. We are performing a research in order to enrich the overall performance of international student in Auckland campus regarding their issues which they generally face in respect of accommodation, new culture, stress, communication, teaching methods, medical conditions that highly effect their academic performance. Research Question and Aims 2.1 Research

Essay on Addiction Suffering, acceptance, and change

Carl Rogers stated, â€Å"The curious paradox is that when I accept myself just as I am, then I can change (see http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/c/carl_rogers.html). Many modern approaches to addiction recovery utilize a dialectical model to examine the change process. Third wave behavioral therapies such as Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), along with mindfulness meditation (MM), and the 12 Step Recovery model of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) use a dialectic based on acceptance of what is and change to what can be. These modern methods make use of the practices of Buddhism that may be effective treatments for addiction recovery. Moreover, when regarding addiction as a form of attachment as†¦show more content†¦These elements give an understanding to the external, internal and interpersonal suffering addiction causes as a form of attachment to the pleasurable, and avoidance of pain. The concepts of attachment and avoidance are central to Buddhist thought. Moreover, they are the cause of suffering. Boeree (1997) noted suffering comes from attachment to experiences and from the avoidance of them as well. We see in the word, anicca- impermanence, that all objects and perceptions are momentary; therefore, attachment to them will lead to suffering. Attachment in Sanskrit relates to two words, â€Å"trishna† [ironically] means â€Å"thirst† or â€Å"desire† and â€Å"devesha† translates to avoidance. Attachment, as a means of fulfilling a desire, or as a means of depriving oneself goes against what the Buddha called, â€Å"The Middle Path† (Buddha Dharma Education Association, 2011). Therefore, The Middle Path forms a principle of non- attachment to extremes. When one considers addiction as an idea of suffering and attachment, the Buddhist concepts of desire and escape become clear. Chen (2010) contended that the â€Å"secondary suffering† addiction brings is multidimensional, affecting many aspects of a person’s life. Chen (2010) explained this concept of suffering in the conceptual model of suffering as motivation for addiction treatment. This model puts forth the idea that drug use is a coping mechanism for some type of â€Å"primary suffering†- negative mental states or circumstancesShow MoreRelatedThe Teachings Of Buddhism And Buddhism1665 Words   |  7 Pageshimself and their emotional sufferings would come to an end. Buddha developed his teachings on self-understanding through his prolonged suffering in fasting, and meditation. Eventually, his spiritual journey culminated in discovering the awakening teachings that enlightened people in the power of self-indulgence through meditation. One of the key notions in Buddhism is â€Å"Samsara†. 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The Jesus I Never Knew Free Essays

What takes place when an esteemed Christian journalist chooses to put his presumptions aside and take a long look at the Jesus depicted in the Gospels? How does the Jesus of the New Testament measure up to the †new, rediscovered Jesus — or even the Jesus we suppose we know so well? In The Jesus I Never Knew, Yancey delved into the life of Jesus, as he elucidates, â€Å"‘from below,’ to come to terms with as best I can what it must have been like to observe in person the extraordinary events unfolding in Galilee and Judea† as Jesus journeyed and taught. In fact, he stumbled on himself further and further detached from the person of Jesus, diverted in its place by flannel-graph figures and scholarly assessment. He single-mindedly used his journalistic flair to approach Jesus, in the perspective of time, surrounded by the context of history. We will write a custom essay sample on The Jesus I Never Knew or any similar topic only for you Order Now Yancey investigates three essential questions: who Jesus was, why he came, and what he left behind. Step by step, scene by scene, Yancey explores the culture into which Jesus was born and matured to adulthood; his moral fiber and calling; his teachings and miracles; and his legacy not just as the historical account explained it, but as he himself planned it to be. This book by Philip Yancey is faith-building look at Jesus’ life–his family, his teachings, the miracles, and his death and resurrection. Phillip Yancey says, â€Å"The Jesus I got to know in writing this book is very different from the Jesus I learned about in Sunday school. † In a number of ways he is more reassuring; in some ways more startling. Yancey puts forward a fresh and singular perspective on the life of Christ and who he was and why he came. Linking the gospel events to the human race and our cosmos that we live in today, The Jesus I Never Knew provides a poignant and invigorating description of the preeminent figure of history. With an eagerness to undertake the complex matters in the Gospels, Yancey comes across at the uncompromising words of this itinerant Jewish carpenter and inquires whether we are taking him earnestly enough in our own day and age. According to Yancey, â€Å"No one who meets Jesus ever stays the same. † How to cite The Jesus I Never Knew, Papers

Technology Development In Asia

Introduction After the end of the Second World War, the third world nations were decolonized and this saw the emergence of new independent states. With this came the assimilation of new scientific and technological innovations in the developing nations. These developments were considered core in the development of the states.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Technology Development In Asia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This awareness has consequently led to the emergence of numerous national and international studies that seek to establish the effects of science and technology in the society among other issues. The various developments in the Asian countries include infrastructure, high-tech manufacturing and many more. The Asian countries have always considered science and technology a vital tool in the achievement of economic and political objectives. In order to properly manage and run the various initiative s, the countries have set aside institutions to foresee these undertakings. These institutions have various objectives and usually may work together to achieve a common goal. For example, the institutions in the telecommunication networks may work together with those that are involved in Information Technology (IT) in order to achieve their goals. This means that the institutions form a system that work as a unit. Institutions The Asian countries have several bodies that spearhead technological development within the country. China, for example, has the main administrative body referred to as the State Council of the People’s Republic of China. Under it are other institutions that handle various aspects of science and technology. The organization of the national policy is done by the State Council Science and Education Leading Group. The major scientific and technological strategies within the country are made by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s R epublic of China. The institutions within the Asian countries form a system since they work together in order to achieve their greater goal of enhancing science and technological advancements in order to cause development and growth of the economy. Technological advancements Some of the earliest inventions in Asian countries included the gunpowder, printing, papermaking and the compass. These were the four greatest inventions in China. These discoveries had a great impact in the development of China and other Asian countries.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These discoveries were later adopted in other nations such as the Arab countries and the European countries. The discovery of gunpowder led to advancements in the production of firearms, rockets, landmines, among various other elements used in the military. Another technological development in the Asian countries is in e ngineering. In china, for example, some of the early engineering works included the piston pumps, horse collars, the seed drills and the wheelbarrows. The suspension bridge is also a major technological development in Asia. The Tang Dynasty marked a period of important innovations. Agriculture One of the developments in science and technology in Asia is development in agricultural technologies. This was facilitated by the transfer of such technologies after World War II. Many countries in Asia such as India and Thailand mainly depended on agricultural products to grow their economies. Therefore, the institutions that were involved in the development of such technologies participated in such developmental activities in order to modernise the agricultural sector. This played a great role in the formation of a compact system made up of innovations within the country. Some of the institutions that were responsible for the technological developments in the continent were the universities and other public institutions. These institutions focused on developing new technologies and innovations in various fields including agriculture. Various government institutions are also involved in research to come up with better technologies and innovations. For example, they came up with better ways to manage pasture, introduced crop rotation and various other ways of improving seeding rate. The agricultural sector has also improved due to the innovations in farm machinery and agrochemicals. Automobile industry Asian countries such as India, South Korea, Japan and Thailand have among the world’s largest automobile industries. This has been made possible by their automobile engineering. The science and technology in the Republic of India, for example, has employed advanced technologies in the manufacture of commercial vehicles. These technologies include the engine assembly units, assembly plants and UV assembly units.Advertising We will write a custom report sample o n Technology Development In Asia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Due to advancements in technology, the automobile industry has greatly developed in order to conform to the international standards that seek to reduce pollution due to combustion. This has seen modification in the vehicle engines. This has also seen the inclusion of other forms of energy other than fuel. These innovations have led to the introduction of electric and hybrid vehicles. The hybrid vehicles use both the normal fuel engine and electric power. This technology has been used in vehicles and powertrains. This is done in order to achieve better fuel economy and to reduce the emissions from the engine. Therefore, it has enhanced the economy and preserved the environment. This may be seen in the reduction in air and water pollution. Secondly, it is less costly. Although the initial cost of acquiring an electric or hybrid vehicles is high, it is relatively cheaper t o own and maintain them as compared to the combustion engine vehicles. They are also more reliable since they have fewer moving parts. Therefore, this means they do not require fluids such as the transmission, anti-freeze and the engine oils. This also means that they do not require as much maintenance as the fuel engines do. Furthermore, electric vehicles are generally quieter than the fuel engines. Communication The telecommunication network in India has continuously undergone development due to technological advancements. For example, India is the second largest in the world basing on the total number of phone users. The network has been transformed into the next generation network. The telecommunication network is characterised by modern telephone exchange systems, signalling and media gateways, among various other advanced technologies. All these elements are interconnected and the data (information) is transmitted using Microwave radio waves or optical fibers. These systems al so employ such technologies as wireless connections. The Asian countries have also recorded advancements in broadcasting technology. For example, DTH – which is one of the new technologies in the field – is popularly used in these countries. Asia has greatly utilized satellite systems in their telecommunication networks. It is used to link up the various aspects of communication such as telephones, internet, radios and television.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The mobile phone industry in China is huge and is supplying mobile phones to countries all over the world. New technologies have enabled the mobile phone industry in such countries to join the smart phone revolution that has seen greater functionality of the mobile handsets that include faster and smarter internet browsing and other computer-like functionalities. Information technology The Asian countries have greatly been known due to their advanced IT and ITES sectors. These sectors have employed various scientific technologies. The institutions involved in the development of these technologies in IT form a system in that they enable the linking up of the various IT sectors. The IT sector has greatly contributed to the GDP of many Asian countries such as Japan, India and China. This sector has also greatly contributed to the increase in employment opportunities in the countries. India has grown into the information age due to the technologies used in IT. In India, the National Inf ormatics Centre was established to spearhead the IT sector. Later on, the Computer Maintenance Company was also established. Some of the institutions involved in IT innovations include the Tata Infotech, Wipro, among others. With more research, there were greater improvements in IT and this saw the sector advance into the microchip revolution. Three computer networking schemes were also developed by the government. These three schemes acted as a system. Technologies in space exploration Various Asian countries have developed technologies in space exploration. For example, Japan has succeeded in space exploration due to its innovativeness. With several years of research, Japan developed rockets that would lead to space exploration. The institution involved in this initiative was the Institute of Industrial Science. The first steps included launching the rockets horizontally. In 1970, Japan successfully launched a manmade satellite into the earth’s orbit. India was also not lef t behind in these innovations. Headed by the Indian Space Research Organization, India explored space technologies in order to apply it to benefit the country. There are various government space agencies. They include NASA, JAXA, among others. Nuclear technology Several Asian countries have employed nuclear power as a major source of electricity. This has been made possible due to the technological advancements. Nuclear power has supplemented other power sources in order to increase the capacity of power in the countries. Despite the dangers associated with the use of nuclear power, there are great benefits including the fact that it provides great amounts of power. Conclusion It can be seen that Asian countries have greatly developed in science and technology. These innovations are usually spearheaded by institutions within the specific countries. These institutions in the various fields work together to form a system that interconnects the various elements together. The technologi cal development in Asia is characterised by the development in the various fields. One of the areas where science and technology has played a major role is agriculture. With research in the area, innovations have been initiated in the agricultural sector. This includes the improvements in the ways of performing some of the farming activities. Improvements have also been seen in the machinery used. Another area where the Asian countries have employed technology is the automobile industry. This may be seen in their manufacturing plants and the vehicles themselves. The invention of electric vehicles was a great innovation since it helped in reducing fuel consumption and the conservation of the environment. Technological advancements in communication and information technology have greatly improved people’s lives in various ways. Nuclear technology is also a great initiative since it has provided an alternative source of power. Together, these technological initiatives (run by th e various institutions) form a system that aims at applying the new technologies to improve livelihoods and cause economic growth. Bibliography Chong, Choy, and Peter Lindstrom. New Developments in Emerging Asia: Business Opportunities in new Markets and technology. Gallen: University of St. Gallen, 2003. Ebrey, Patricia. The Cambridge Illustrated history of china. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Liang, Jieming. Chinese siege warfare: Mechanical Artillery Siege weapons of antiquity. Singapore: Leong Kit Meng, 2006. Needham, Joseph, Kenneth Robinson and Jen-Yu Haung. Science and Civilisation in China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Scoones, Ian, and John Thompson. Beyond Farm First: Rural people’s knowledge, agricultural research and extension practices. London: Intermediate Technology Publications, 1994. 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